When I first read it years ago, it frustrated me. “Why not just say what you mean?!” But over time I’ve come to appreciate that this very choppiness is part of the inspired genius of Hebrews.
In Hebrews 4:14, we’re told that Jesus has “passed through the heavens.” That little phrase has become a kind of portal for me, a rhetorical gateway through which the writer is carrying us. The high priest in Israel walked through veils and shadows into a man-made holy of holies. Jesus, our great High Priest, has passed through the heavens themselves, entering the real Holy of Holies—not for His sake, but for ours.
And in a sense, the author’s rhetoric is doing the same thing. He doesn’t just lay it out in a clean, linear essay. He moves us step by step, almost like taking us through veils—pausing, warning, then pressing us deeper. It feels like a spiral staircase more than a straight path.
Luther, Calvin, Warfield
The Reformers noticed this in their own way.
-
Luther saw Hebrews as a collection of urgent exhortations wrapped around lofty doctrine:
“The Epistle to the Hebrews is not an orderly work but a set of admonitions. It interrupts itself with warnings because the doctrine is so great and the people are so weak.”
-
Calvin was even more explicit. On Hebrews 5:11, where Melchizedek is first mentioned and then postponed until chapter 7, he wrote:
“He now digresses somewhat, for he checks himself in order to add an exhortation, and then returns to what he had begun.”
Calvin understood this not as disorder, but as pastoral wisdom: slow down, warn the reader, then resume at greater depth. -
Warfield, writing from old Princeton, described Hebrews as a progressive unveiling:
“The author of Hebrews leads us gradually, step by step, from the shadows of Aaron to the reality of Christ, until at last we behold Him in the full perfection of His eternal priesthood.” (The Person and Work of Christ)
So even though they didn’t call it a “rhetorical circle,” they all recognized what we’re seeing: Hebrews is intentionally leading us upward through its very structure.
For me, the crescendo comes in Hebrews 7:25:
“Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.”
That word consequently (or “therefore”) is like a drum roll. After all the starts and stops, after the warnings and the waiting, after passing through the heavens with Jesus and walking with Him past the veil, we finally arrive at the Holy of Holies.
And the contrast is stunning: weak men, Levitical priests, had to offer sacrifices even for themselves. But Jesus, exalted above the heavens, holy, innocent, undefiled, lives forever—not needing intercession, but giving it. To the uttermost.
Hebrews 4–7 may still feel choppy to me when I read it. But I’ve come to see that the choppiness is part of the climb. We’re being carried along through the heavens, layer by layer, until we finally stand in awe at the great High Priest who never fails, never grows weak, and never stops praying for us.
And maybe you’re like me—my background doesn’t help me relate to the significance of a priest. But for the writer of Hebrews, who knew his Old Testament in Greek and was urging a persecuted church to hang on, the picture of Jesus as High Priest was life-saving. The temple system they grew up with wasn’t lost—it was fulfilled. The high priest they once depended on wasn’t gone—they had a better one, eternal and exalted. That truth gave them courage to endure. And it gives us the same anchor today: Jesus, the Great High Priest, saves to the uttermost.
There was no need to go back.... it has to be onward and upward.